The Assessment and Management of Marine Pest Risks Posed by Shipping: The Australian and New Zealand Experience

The Assessment and Management of Marine Pest Risks Posed by Shipping: The Australian and New Zealand Experience

Blog Article

Ships have been translocating species around the world for hundreds of years but attempts to understand and manage this issue date back only three decades.Here we review the assessment and management of risks from vessel biofouling and ballast water over this Single Inlet 5 Way Water Valve time period from an Australian and New Zealand perspective.We detail a history of successes and failures at the science-policy interface that include international guidelines for biofouling management and the recent ratification of a ballast water convention.We summarize the efficacy and costs of current treatment options, and highlight the practical challenges and policy implications of managing the diffuse and succinct bio-invasion risks that shipping creates pre- and post-border.

We then use the lessons AEG CCB6761ACB 60 cm Electric Ceramic Cooker - Black learnt over the last 30 years to recommend a future empirical strategy.